From the point of view of their structure and mainly of their extensions, the following types of neurons are found:
Unipolar neurons have a cell body and one axon – axons are shown in blue in the drawings. These neurons are not very frequent in the body and constitute, for example, sensory cells of the retina and olfactory mucosa.
Bipolar neurons – have one cell body, one dendrite (dendrites in red in the drawings), and one axon. This kind of neuron is found mainly in sensory structures such as the retina, the olfactory mucosa.
Pseudounipolar neurons – have a cell body and one extension divided into two parts. One of them behaves as a dendrite and the other as an axon. These neurons are typicalyl found in sensory ganglia placed along the the spinal cord. They are responsible for conducting nerve impulses of touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold towards the central nervous system.
Multipolar neurons have a cell body, several dendrites, and one axon. They are the majority of neurons present in the nervous tissue and are the predominant type in the central nervous system.
